An indicator of research front activity: Measuring intellectual organization as uncertainty reduction in document sets

An Indicator of Research Front Activity: Measuring Intellectual Organization as Uncertainty Reduction in Document Sets

When using scientific literature to model scholarly discourse, a research specialty can be operationalized as an evolving set of related documents. Each publication can be expected to contribute to the further development of the specialty at the research front. The specific combinations of title words and cited references in a paper can then be considered as a signature of the knowledge claim i...

Intellectual Capital as an Indicator of a Sustainable Development

Measuring Faecal Epi-Androsterone as an Indicator of Gonadal Activity in Spotted Hyenas (Crocuta crocuta)

Enzyme immunoassays (EIA) that measure faecal testosterone metabolites (fTM) are useful tools to monitor gonadal activity. The aim of this study was to validate an “in-house” epiandrosterone EIA to monitor fTM in spotted hyenas. FTM were characterised in a male and a female hyena that each received an injection of H-testosterone. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analyses revealed a...

Correction: Measuring Faecal Epi-Androsterone as an Indicator of Gonadal Activity in Spotted Hyenas (Crocuta crocuta)

Enzyme immunoassays (EIA) that measure faecal testosterone metabolites (fTM) are useful tools to monitor gonadal activity. The aim of this study was to validate an "in-house" epiandrosterone EIA to monitor fTM in spotted hyenas. FTM were characterised in a male and a female hyena that each received an injection of 3H-testosterone. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analyses revealed ...

Methaemoglobin as an Indicator of PMOR Activity

MetHb is often defined as oxidised Hb; that is the haem iron is oxidised from the ferrous (Fe) state to the ferric (Fe) state. In addition, in metHb the sixth coordination site of the haem iron is liganded to a water molecule; this shifts the absorbance maxima from that of Hb causing metHb to be chocolate brown in colour (acid form). At pH ~8 the water molecule is replaced by a bound hydroxyl g...